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Professor Ben Newell

Professor Ben Newell

Professor
Science
School of Psychology

Ben Newell is Professor of Behavioural Science in the School of Psychology at UNSW Sydney, and Director of theÌý UNSW Institute for Climate Risk & Response (ICRR). His researchÌýfocuses on the cognitive processes underlying judgment, choice and decision-making and the application of this knowledge to environmental, medical, financial and forensic contexts. His role in the new Institute is to drive an interdisciplinary research agenda bringing together expertise from behavioural science, climate science, economics and governance to address the risks and opportunities of climate change. He has published multiple articles on the psychology of human judgment and decision making, including those that lie at the intersection of psychology and climate change, with particular focus on the understanding of uncertainty and risk. Ben is lead author of the books Straight Choices: The Psychology of Decision Making, and Open Minded: A Search for Truth about the Unconscious Mind. Ben is a member of the Academic Advisory Panel of the Behavioural Economics Team of the Australian Government (BETA), and the Chief Medical Officer’s advisory group for the National Health and Climate Strategy.

More Information about Ben:

More Information about the Institute for Climate Risk & Response: /research/icrr

Supervision Opportunities/Areas

I am interested in prospective students/postdocs with interests in any of the areas described above.

Advice for prospective students

The best thing about being an academic is having the opportunity to think about and solve problems that are inherently interesting, important and have the potential to influence society positively. Even better, you get to do this with other people who share your passion – research students! If any of the areas described above appeal to you, or you’d like more details then please contact me.

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TEACHING & OUTREACH

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Courses I teach

Professional affiliations and service positions

Director UNSW Institute for Climate Risk & Response.

Fellow of the Psychonomic Society

Member of the Experimental Psychology Society

Member of the Cognitive Science Society

Member of the Society for Judgment & Decision Making

Academic Advisor to the Behavioural Economics Team of the Australian Government

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Phone
+61 2 9065 5590
Location
School of Psychology, 701 Mathews Building. & Institute for Climate Risk & Response, 457, Mathews Building
  • Books | 2023
    Newell BR; Shanks DR, 2023, Open Minded Searching for Truth about the Unconscious Mind, MIT Press
    Books | 2022
    Newell BR; Lagnado DA; Shanks DR, 2022, Straight choices: The psychology of decision making,
    Books | 2015
    Newell BR; Lagnado DA; Shanks DR, 2015, Straight choices: The psychology of decision making: Second edition,
    Books | 2010
    Newell BR; Lagnado D; Shanks D, 2010, Straight Choices, Psychology Press, Hove, UK and New York, USA
    Books | 2007
    Newell BR; Lagnado DA; Shanks DR, 2007, Straight choices: The psychology of decision making,
  • Book Chapters | 2024
    Westbrook JI; Seaman K; Wabe N; Raban MZ; Urwin R; Badgery-Parker T; Mecardo C; Mumford V; Nguyen AD; Root J; Balmer S; Waugh K; Pinto S; Burge B; Aldeguer E; Dunstan T; Jorgensen M; Gray L; Bucknall T; Etherton-Beer C; Newell B; Caughey G; Beattie E; Xenos K; Cumming A, 2024, 'Designing an Informatics Infrastructure for a National Aged Care Medication Roundtable', in , pp. 404 - 408,
    Book Chapters | 2017
    Newell BR, 2017, 'The anatomy of an unconscious decision', in Radman Z (ed.), Before Consciousness: In Search of Fundamentals of Mind, Imprint Academic, pp. 174 - 191
    Book Chapters | 2017
    Schulze C; Newell BR, 2017, 'Decision making under risk: An experience-based perspective', in International Handbook of Thinking and Reasoning, pp. 502 - 522
    Book Chapters | 2016
    Newell BR; Schulze C, 2016, 'Probability Matching', in Pohl R (ed.), Cognitive Illusions, pp. 62 - 78
    Book Chapters | 2016
    Newell BR, 2016, 'Decision making', in An Introduction to Applied Cognitive Psychology, pp. 197 - 221,
    Book Chapters | 2013
    Newell BR, 2013, 'Judgment under Uncertainty', in Oxford Handbook of Cognitive Psychology, Oxford University Press, New York, pp. 602 - 615
    Book Chapters | 2011
    Newell BR; Dunn J; Kalish M, 2011, 'Systems of category learning: Fact or fantasy?', in Psychology of Learning and Motivation - Advances in Research and Theory, Academic Press Inc, San Diego, CA, USA, pp. 167 - 215,
    Book Chapters | 2011
    Newell BR; Dunn JC; Kalish M, 2011, 'Chapter six Systems of Category Learning Fact or Fantasy?', in Advances in Research and Theory, Elsevier, pp. 167 - 215,
    Book Chapters | 2011
    Newell BR; Weston NJ; Shanks DR, 2011, 'Empirical Tests of a Fast-and-Frugal Heuristic: Not Everyone "Takes-the-Best"', in Heuristics: The Foundations of Adaptive Behavior,
    Book Chapters | 2007
    Newell BR; Shanks D, 2007, 'Perspectives on the `tools` of decision-making', in Roberts MJ (ed.), Integrating the Mind, Psychology Press, East Sussex, U.K. and New York, USA, pp. 131 - 151
    Book Chapters | 2005
    Taylor RP; Newell BR; Spehar B; Clifford C, 2005, 'Fractals: A resonance between art and nature', in Emmer M (ed.), Mathematics & Culture II - Visual perfection: Mathematics and Creativity, Springer Publishing Company, Berlin, pp. 53 - 64
  • Journal articles | 2024
    Bonner C; Taba M; Fajardo MA; Batcup C; Newell BR; Li AX; Mayfield HJ; Lau CL; Litt JCB, 2024, 'Using health literacy principles to improve understanding of evolving evidence in health emergencies: Optimisation and evaluation of a COVID-19 vaccination risk-benefit calculator', Vaccine, 42,
    Journal articles | 2024
    Embrey JR; Li AX; Liew SX; Newell BR, 2024, 'The effect of noninstrumental information on reward learning', Memory and Cognition, 52, pp. 1210 - 1227,
    Journal articles | 2024
    Embrey JR; Mason A; Newell BR, 2024, 'Too hard, too easy, or just right? The effects of context on effort and boredom aversion', Psychonomic Bulletin and Review,
    Journal articles | 2024
    Liang G; Li AX; Newell BR, 2024, 'Trusting an Algorithm Can Be a Tricky and Sticky Thing', Decision, 11, pp. 404 - 419,
    Journal articles | 2024
    Ostrovsky T; Newell BR, 2024, 'Verbal Reports as Data Revisited: Using Natural Language Models to Validate Cognitive Models', Decision, 11, pp. 568 - 598,
    Journal articles | 2024
    Wang-Ly N; Newell BR, 2024, 'Income volatility and saving decisions: Experimental evidence', Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Finance, 43,
    Journal articles | 2023
    Batcup C; Breth-Petersen M; Dakin T; Barratt A; McGain F; Newell BR; Pickles K, 2023, 'Behavioural change interventions encouraging clinicians to reduce carbon emissions in clinical activity: a systematic review', BMC Health Services Research, 23,
    Journal articles | 2023
    Bateman H; Dobrescu LI; Liu J; Newell BR; Thorp S, 2023, 'Determinants of early-access to retirement savings: Lessons from the COVID-19 pandemic', Journal of the Economics of Ageing, 24,
    Journal articles | 2023
    Embrey JR; Donkin C; Newell BR, 2023, 'Is all mental effort equal? The role of cognitive demand-type on effort avoidance', Cognition, 236,
    Journal articles | 2023
    Liew SX; Embrey JR; Navarro DJ; Newell BR, 2023, 'Comparing Anticipation and Uncertainty-Penalty Accounts of Noninstrumental Information Seeking', Decision, 10, pp. 247 - 267,
    Journal articles | 2023
    Liew SX; Embrey JR; Newell BR, 2023, 'The non-unitary nature of information preference', Psychonomic Bulletin and Review, 30, pp. 1966 - 1974,
    Journal articles | 2023
    Mechera-Ostrovsky T; Liew SX; Newell BR, 2023, 'The role of risk, regret, and rejoice in non-instrumental information seeking', Journal of Behavioral Decision Making, 36,
    Journal articles | 2023
    Newell BR; Szollosi A, 2023, 'Is Conviction Narrative Theory a theory of everything or nothing?', Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 46,
    Journal articles | 2023
    Newell BR; Vigouroux S; Greenwell H, 2023, 'Expectations, opportunities, and awareness: A case for combining i- and s-frame interventions', Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 46,
    Journal articles | 2023
    Newell BR, 2023, 'Strengthening psychological science for optimal climate communication and action policies', One Earth, 6, pp. 341 - 342,
    Journal articles | 2023
    Raban MZ; Gonzalez G; Nguyen AD; Newell BR; Li L; Seaman KL; Westbrook JI, 2023, 'Nudge interventions to reduce unnecessary antibiotic prescribing in primary care: A systematic review', BMJ Open, 13,
    Journal articles | 2023
    Sloane JF; Donkin C; Newell BR; Singh H; Meyer AND, 2023, 'Managing Interruptions to Improve Diagnostic Decision-Making: Strategies and Recommended Research Agenda', Journal of General Internal Medicine, 38, pp. 1526 - 1531,
    Journal articles | 2022
    Bolton A; Newell BR; Gandevia S; Peek J; Capdevila EB, 2022, 'Applying behavioural insights to child protection: venturing beyond the low-hanging fruit', Behavioural Public Policy, 6, pp. 439 - 463,
    Journal articles | 2022
    Hotaling JM; Donkin C; Jarvstad A; Newell BR, 2022, 'MEM-EX: An exemplar memory model of decisions from experience', Cognitive Psychology, 138,
    Journal articles | 2022
    Liang G; Rakow T; Yechiam E; Newell BR, 2022, 'The day after the disaster: Risk-taking following large-and small-scale disasters in a microworld', Judgment and Decision Making, 17, pp. 513 - 546,
    Journal articles | 2022
    Liang G; Sloane JF; Donkin C; Newell BR, 2022, 'Adapting to the algorithm: how accuracy comparisons promote the use of a decision aid', Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications, 7,
    Journal articles | 2022
    Sloane JF; Newell BR; Liang G; Donkin C, 2022, 'The Mazing Race: Effects of Interruptions and Benefits of Interruption Lags in a Novel Maze-Like Decision-Making Paradigm', Journal of Experimental Psychology: Applied, 29, pp. 654 - 675,
    Journal articles | 2022
    Szollosi A; Donkin C; Newell BR, 2022, 'Toward Nonprobabilistic Explanations of Learning and Decision-Making', Psychological Review, 130, pp. 546 - 568,
    Journal articles | 2022
    Wang-Ly N; Bateman H; Dobrescu I; Newell BR; Thorp S, 2022, 'Defaults, disclosures, advice and calculators: One size does not fit all', Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Finance, 35, pp. 100690,
    Journal articles | 2022
    Wang-Ly N; Newell BR, 2022, 'Allowing early access to retirement savings: Lessons from Australia', Economic Analysis and Policy, 75, pp. 716 - 733,
    Journal articles | 2021
    Aczel B; Szaszi B; Nilsonne G; Van Den Akker OR; Albers CJ; Van Assen MA; Bastiaansen JA; Benjamin D; Boehm U; Botvinik-Nezer R; Bringmann LF; Busch NA; Caruyer E; Cataldo AM; Cowan N; Delios A; Van Dongen NN; Donkin C; Van Doorn JB; Dreber A; Dutilh G; Egan GF; Gernsbacher MA; Hoekstra R; Hoffmann S; Holzmeister F; Huber J; Johannesson M; Jonas KJ; Kindel AT; Kirchler M; Kunkels YK; Lindsay DS; Mangin JF; Matzke D; Munafò MR; Newell BR; Nosek BA; Poldrack RA; Ravenzwaaij DV; Rieskamp J; Salganik MJ; Sarafoglou A; Schonberg T; Schweinsberg M; Shanks D; Silberzahn R; Simons DJ; Spellman BA; St-Jean S; Starns JJ; Uhlmann EL; Wicherts J; Wagenmakers EJ, 2021, 'Consensus-based guidance for conducting and reporting multi-analyst studies', eLife, 10,
    Journal articles | 2021
    Bolton A; Gandevia S; Newell BR, 2021, 'Appropriate responses to potential child abuse: The importance of information quality', Child Abuse and Neglect, 117,
    Journal articles | 2021
    Newell BR; Moss J, 2021, 'Making it easier to take environmental actions is not enough: Policymakers must also emphasize why action is necessary', Behavioral Science and Policy, 7, pp. 91 - 99,
    Journal articles | 2021
    Olschewski S; Newell BR; Oberholzer Y; Scheibehenne B, 2021, 'Valuation and estimation from experience', Journal of Behavioral Decision Making, 34, pp. 729 - 741,
    Journal articles | 2021
    Raban M; Gonzalez G; Nguyen A; Li L; Newell B; Westbrook J, 2021, 'Reducing antibiotic prescribing using nudges: A systematic review of interventions in primary care', Infection, Disease & Health, 26, pp. S11 - S11,
    Journal articles | 2021
    Vanunu Y; Hotaling JM; Le Pelley ME; Newell BR, 2021, 'How top-down and bottom-up attention modulate risky choice', Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 118,
    Journal articles | 2021
    Walker AR; Navarro DJ; Newell BR; Beesley T, 2021, 'Protection From Uncertainty in the Exploration/Exploitation Trade-Off', Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning Memory and Cognition, 48, pp. 547 - 568,
    Journal articles | 2020
    Aczel B; Szaszi B; Sarafoglou A; Kekecs Z; Kucharský Š; Benjamin D; Chambers CD; Fisher A; Gelman A; Gernsbacher MA; Ioannidis JP; Johnson E; Jonas K; Kousta S; Lilienfeld SO; Lindsay DS; Morey CC; Munafò M; Newell BR; Pashler H; Shanks DR; Simons DJ; Wicherts JM; Albarracin D; Anderson ND; Antonakis J; Arkes HR; Back MD; Banks GC; Beevers C; Bennett AA; Bleidorn W; Boyer TW; Cacciari C; Carter AS; Cesario J; Clifton C; Conroy RM; Cortese M; Cosci F; Cowan N; Crawford J; Crone EA; Curtin J; Engle R; Farrell S; Fearon P; Fichman M; Frankenhuis W; Freund AM; Gaskell MG; Giner-Sorolla R; Green DP; Greene RL; Harlow LL; de la Guardia FH; Isaacowitz D; Kolodner J; Lieberman D; Logan GD; Mendes WB; Moersdorf L; Nyhan B; Pollack J; Sullivan C; Vazire S; Wagenmakers EJ, 2020, 'A consensus-based transparency checklist', Nature Human Behaviour, 4, pp. 4 - 6,
    Journal articles | 2020
    Aczel B; Szaszi B; Sarafoglou A; Kekecs Z; Kucharský Š; Benjamin D; Chambers CD; Fisher A; Gelman A; Gernsbacher MA; Ioannidis JP; Johnson E; Jonas K; Kousta S; Lilienfeld SO; Lindsay DS; Morey CC; Munafò M; Newell BR; Pashler H; Shanks DR; Simons DJ; Wicherts JM; Albarracin D; Anderson ND; Antonakis J; Arkes HR; Back MD; Banks GC; Beevers C; Bennett AA; Bleidorn W; Boyer TW; Cacciari C; Carter AS; Cesario J; Clifton C; Conroy RM; Cortese M; Cosci F; Cowan N; Crawford J; Crone EA; Curtin J; Engle R; Farrell S; Fearon P; Fichman M; Frankenhuis W; Freund AM; Gaskell MG; Giner-Sorolla R; Green DP; Greene RL; Harlow LL; de la Guardia FH; Isaacowitz D; Kolodner J; Lieberman D; Logan GD; Mendes WB; Moersdorf L; Nyhan B; Pollack J; Sullivan C; Vazire S; Wagenmakers EJ, 2020, 'Erratum: Author Correction: A consensus-based transparency checklist (Nature human behaviour (2020) 4 1 (4-6))', Nature human behaviour, 4, pp. 120,
    Journal articles | 2020
    Fiedler K; Schott M; Ackerman R; Mata A; Ferreira MB; Kareev Y; Avrahami J; Goldsmith M; Newell BR, 2020, 'Metacognitive Myopia in Change Detection: A Collective Approach to Overcome a Persistent Anomaly', Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning Memory and Cognition, 46, pp. 649 - 668,
    Journal articles | 2020
    Hotaling JM; Navarro DJ; Newell BR, 2020, 'Skilled bandits: Learning to choose in a reactive world.', Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning Memory and Cognition,
    Journal articles | 2020
    Konstantinidis E; van Ravenzwaaij D; Güney S; Newell BR, 2020, 'Now for Sure or Later With a Risk? Modeling Risky Intertemporal Choice as Accumulated Preference', Decision, 7, pp. 91 - 120,
    Journal articles | 2020
    Luckman A; Donkin C; Newell BR, 2020, 'An evaluation and comparison of models of risky intertemporal choice.', Psychological Review, 127, pp. 1097 - 1138,
    Journal articles | 2020
    Schulze C; Gaissmaier W; Newell BR, 2020, 'Maximizing as satisficing: On pattern matching and probability maximizing in groups and individuals', Cognition, 205,
    Journal articles | 2020
    Szollosi A; Newell BR, 2020, 'People as Intuitive Scientists: Reconsidering Statistical Explanations of Decision Making', Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 24, pp. 1008 - 1018,
    Journal articles | 2020
    Szollosi A; Newell BR, 2020, 'What is the purpose of cognition?', Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 43,
    Journal articles | 2020
    Thorp S; Bateman H; Dobrescu LI; Newell BR; Ortmann A, 2020, 'Flicking the switch: Simplifying disclosure to improve retirement plan choices', Journal of Banking and Finance, 121, pp. 105955,
    Journal articles | 2020
    Vanunu Y; Hotaling JM; Newell BR, 2020, 'Elucidating the differential impact of extreme-outcomes in perceptual and preferential choice', Cognitive Psychology, 119,
    Journal articles | 2019
    Camilleri AR; Newell BR, 2019, 'Better calibration when predicting from experience (rather than description)', Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 150, pp. 62 - 82,
    Journal articles | 2019
    Dey S; Newell BR; Moulds ML, 2019, 'The relative effects of abstract versus concrete processing on proactivity in depression.', Behavior Therapy, 50, pp. 325 - 339
    Journal articles | 2019
    Güney Ş; Newell BR, 2019, 'An exploratory investigation of the impact of evaluation context on ambiguity aversion', Judgment and Decision Making, 14, pp. 335 - 348
    Journal articles | 2019
    Hotaling JM; Jarvstad A; Donkin C; Newell BR, 2019, 'How to Change the Weight of Rare Events in Decisions From Experience', Psychological Science, 30, pp. 1767 - 1779,
    Journal articles | 2019
    Krefeld-Schwalb A; Donkin C; Newell BR; Scheibehenne B, 2019, 'Empirical comparison of the adjustable spanner and the adaptive toolbox models of choice', Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning Memory and Cognition, 45, pp. 1151 - 1165,
    Journal articles | 2019
    Le Pelley ME; Newell BR; Nosofsky RM, 2019, 'Deferred Feedback Does Not Dissociate Implicit and Explicit Category-Learning Systems: Commentary on Smith et al. (2014)', Psychological Science, 30, pp. 1403 - 1409,
    Journal articles | 2019
    Liang G; Newell B; Rakow T; Yechiam E, 2019, 'Further investigations of how rare disaster information affects risk taking: A registered replication report', Psychonomic Bulletin and Review, 26, pp. 1411 - 1417,
    Journal articles | 2019
    Schulze C; James G; Koehler DJ; Newell BR, 2019, 'Probability matching does not decrease under cognitive load: A preregistered failure to replicate', Memory and Cognition, 47, pp. 511 - 518,
    Journal articles | 2019
    Smithson M; Priest D; Shou Y; Newell BR, 2019, 'Ambiguity and conflict aversion when uncertainty is in the outcomes', Frontiers in Psychology, 10,
    Journal articles | 2019
    Szollosi A; Liang G; Konstantinidis E; Donkin C; Newell BR, 2019, 'Simultaneous Underweighting and Overestimation of Rare Events: Unpacking a Paradox', Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 148, pp. 2207 - 2217,
    Journal articles | 2019
    Wills AJ; Edmunds CER; Le Pelley ME; Milton F; Newell BR; Dwyer DM; Shanks DR, 2019, 'Dissociable learning processes, associative theory, and testimonial reviews: A comment on Smith and Church (2018)', Psychonomic Bulletin and Review, 26, pp. 1988 - 1993,
    Journal articles | 2019
    Xie B; Brewer MB; Hayes BK; McDonald RI; Newell BR, 2019, 'Predicting climate change risk perception and willingness to act', Journal of Environmental Psychology, 65, pp. 101331,
    Journal articles | 2018
    Dey S; Joormann J; Moulds ML; Newell BR, 2018, 'The relative effects of abstract versus concrete rumination on the experience of post-decisional regret.', Behaviour Research and Therapy
    Journal articles | 2018
    Dey S; Newell BR; Moulds MICHELLE, 2018, 'The relative effects of abstract versus concrete thinking on decision-making in depression.', Behaviour Research and Therapy
    Journal articles | 2018
    Dobrescu I; Bateman H; Deetlefs J; Ortmann A; Newell BR; Thorp S; Deetlefs A, 2018, 'Engagement with Retirement Savings: It’s a Matter of Trust', Journal of Consumer Affairs, 53, pp. 917 - 945,
    Journal articles | 2018
    Dobrescu LI; Fan X; Bateman H; Newell BR; Ortmann A; Thorp S, 2018, 'Retirement Savings: A Tale of Decisions and Defaults', Economic Journal, 128, pp. 1047 - 1094,
    Journal articles | 2018
    Hayes BK; Ngo J; Hawkins GE; Newell BR, 2018, 'Causal explanation improves judgment under uncertainty, but rarely in a Bayesian way', Memory and Cognition, 46, pp. 112 - 131,
    Journal articles | 2018
    Kary A; Newell BR; Hayes BK, 2018, 'What makes for compelling science? Evidential diversity in the evaluation of scientific arguments', Global Environmental Change, 49, pp. 186 - 196,
    Journal articles | 2018
    Konstantinidis E; Taylor RT; Newell BR, 2018, 'Magnitude and incentives: revisiting the overweighting of extreme events in risky decisions from experience', Psychonomic Bulletin and Review, 25, pp. 1925 - 1933,
    Journal articles | 2018
    Luckman A; Donkin C; Newell BR, 2018, 'Can a single model account for both risky choices and inter-temporal choices? Testing the assumptions underlying models of risky inter-temporal choice', Psychonomic Bulletin and Review, 25, pp. 785 - 792,
    Journal articles | 2018
    Newell BR; Le Pelley ME, 2018, 'Perceptual but not complex moral judgments can be biased by exploiting the dynamics of eye-gaze', Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 147, pp. 409 - 417,
    Journal articles | 2018
    O’donnell M; Nelson LD; Ackermann E; Aczel B; Akhtar A; Aldrovandi S; Alshaif N; Andringa R; Aveyard M; Babincak P; Balatekin N; Baldwin SA; Banik G; Baskin E; Bell R; Bialobrzeska O; Birt AR; Boot WR; Braithwaite SR; Briggs JC; Buchner A; Budd D; Budzik K; Bullens L; Bulley RL; Cannon PR; Cantarero K; Cesario J; Chambers S; Chartier CR; Chekroun P; Chong C; Cleeremans A; Coary SP; Coulthard J; Cramwinckel FM; Denson TF; Díaz-Lago M; Didonato TE; Drummond A; Eberlen J; Ebersbach T; Edlund JE; Finnigan KM; Fisher J; Frankowska N; García-Sánchez E; Golom FD; Graves AJ; Greenberg K; Hanioti M; Hansen HA; Harder JA; Harrell ER; Hartanto A; Inzlicht M; Johnson DJ; Karpinski A; Keller VN; Klein O; Koppel L; Krahmer E; Lantian A; Larson MJ; Le´gal JB; Lucas RE; Lynott D; Magaldino CM; Massar K; McBee MT; McLatchie N; Melia N; Mensink MC; Mieth L; Moore-Berg S; Neeser G; Newell BR; Noordewier MK; Özdogru AA; Pantazi M; Parzuchowski M; Peters K; Philipp MC; Pollmann MMH; Rentzelas P; Rodríguez-Bailón R; Röer JP; Ropovik I; Roque NA; Rueda C; Rutjens BT; Sackett K; Salamon J; Sánchez-Rodríguez Ã; Saunders B; Schaafsma J; Schulte-Mecklenbeck M; Shanks DR; Sherman MF; Steele KM, 2018, 'Registered Replication Report: Dijksterhuis and van Knippenberg (1998)', Perspectives on Psychological Science, 13, pp. 268 - 294,
    Journal articles | 2017
    Bolton A; Newell BR; Newell B; Bolton AJ, 2017, 'Finding the ‘Goldilocks Zone’ is both a challenge and an opportunity: A reply to Soon', Behavioural Economics for Policy
    Journal articles | 2017
    Bolton A; Newell BR, 2017, 'Applying behavioural science to government policy: Finding the ‘Goldilocks Zone’', Journal of Behavioral Economics for Policy
    Journal articles | 2017
    Kalish ML; Newell BR; Dunn JC, 2017, 'More is generally better: Higher working memory capacity does not impair perceptual category learning', Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning Memory and Cognition, 43, pp. 503 - 514,
    Journal articles | 2017
    Kary A; Hawkins GE; Hayes BK; Newell BR, 2017, 'A Bayesian latent mixture model approach to assessing performance in stock-flow reasoning', Judgment and Decision Making, 12, pp. 430 - 444,
    Journal articles | 2017
    Luckman A; Donkin C; Newell BR, 2017, 'People Wait Longer when the Alternative is Risky: The Relation Between Preferences in Risky and Inter-temporal Choice', Journal of Behavioral Decision Making, 30, pp. 1078 - 1092,
    Journal articles | 2017
    Martire KA; Edmond G; Navarro D; Newell B, 2017, 'On the likelihood of “encapsulating all uncertaintyâ€', Science and Justice, 57, pp. 76 - 79,
    Journal articles | 2017
    Newell BR; Shaw B, 2017, 'Priming Risky Choice: Do Risk Preferences Need Inferences?', Journal of Behavioral Decision Making, 30, pp. 332 - 346,
    Journal articles | 2017
    Schulze C; van Ravenzwaaij D; Newell BR, 2017, 'Hold it! the influence of lingering rewards on choice diversification and persistence', Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning Memory and Cognition, 43, pp. 1752 - 1767,
    Journal articles | 2016
    Bateman H; Dobrescu LI; Newell BR; Ortmann A; Thorp S, 2016, 'As easy as pie: How retirement savers use prescribed investment disclosures', Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization, 121, pp. 60 - 76,
    Journal articles | 2016
    Bateman H; Ortmann A; Newell BR; Dobrescu ; Thorp S, 2016, 'As easy as pie: How retirement savers use prescribed investment disclosures', Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization, 121, pp. 60 - 76,
    Journal articles | 2016
    De Zilva D; Newell BR; Mitchell CJ, 2016, 'Multiple context mere exposure: Examining the limits of liking', Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 69, pp. 521 - 534,
    Journal articles | 2016
    Field SM; Wagenmakers EJ; Newell BR; Zeelenberg R; van Ravenzwaaij D, 2016, 'Two Bayesian tests of the GLOMOsys model', Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 145, pp. e81 - e95,
    Journal articles | 2016
    Hayes BK; Hawkins GE; Newell BR, 2016, 'Consider the alternative: The effects of causal knowledge on representing and using alternative hypotheses in judgments under uncertainty', Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning Memory and Cognition, 42, pp. 723 - 739,
    Journal articles | 2016
    Navarro DJ; Newell BR; Schulze C, 2016, 'Learning and choosing in an uncertain world: An investigation of the explore-exploit dilemma in static and dynamic environments', Cognitive Psychology, 85, pp. 43 - 77,
    Journal articles | 2016
    Newell BR; Kary A; Moore C; Gonzalez C, 2016, 'Managing the Budget: Stock-Flow Reasoning and the CO2 Accumulation Problem', Topics in Cognitive Science, 8, pp. 138 - 159,
    Journal articles | 2016
    Newell BR; Rakow T; Yechiam E; Sambur M, 2016, 'Rare disaster information can increase risk-taking', Nature Climate Change, 6, pp. 158 - 161,
    Journal articles | 2016
    Schulze C; Newell BR, 2016, 'More heads choose better than one: Group decision making can eliminate probability matching', Psychonomic Bulletin and Review, 23, pp. 907 - 914,
    Journal articles | 2016
    Schulze C; Newell BR, 2016, 'Taking the easy way out? Increasing implementation effort reduces probability maximizing under cognitive load', Memory and Cognition, 44, pp. 806 - 818,
    Journal articles | 2015
    Bonner C; Jansen J; Newell BR; Irwig L; Teixeira-Pinto A; Glasziou P; Doust J; McKinn S; McCaffery K, 2015, 'Is the "heart Age" Concept Helpful or Harmful Compared to Absolute Cardiovascular Disease Risk? An Experimental Study', Medical Decision Making, 35, pp. 967 - 978,
    Journal articles | 2015
    Donkin C; Newell BR; Kalish M; Dunn JC; Nosofsky RM, 2015, 'Identifying strategy use in category learning tasks: A case for more diagnostic data and models', Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning Memory and Cognition, 41, pp. 933 - 948,
    Journal articles | 2015
    Güney Ş; Newell BR, 2015, 'Overcoming Ambiguity Aversion Through Experience', Journal of Behavioral Decision Making, 28, pp. 188 - 199,
    Journal articles | 2015
    Hawkins GE; Hayes BK; Donkin C; Pasqualino M; Newell BR, 2015, 'A Bayesian latent-mixture model analysis shows that informative samples reduce base-rate neglect', Decision, 2, pp. 306 - 318,
    Journal articles | 2015
    Lewandowsky S; Oreskes N; Risbey JS; Newell BR; Smithson M, 2015, 'Seepage: Climate change denial and its effect on the scientific community', Global Environmental Change, 33, pp. 1 - 13,
    Journal articles | 2015
    McDonald RI; Chai HY; Newell BR, 2015, 'Personal experience and the 'psychological distance' of climate change: An integrative review', Journal of Environmental Psychology, 44, pp. 109 - 118,
    Journal articles | 2015
    Mehlhorn K; Newell BR; Todd PM; Lee MD; Morgan K; Braithwaite VA; Hausmann D; Fiedler K; Gonzalez C, 2015, 'Unpacking the exploration-exploitation tradeoff: A synthesis of human and animal literatures', Decision, 2, pp. 191 - 215,
    Journal articles | 2015
    Newell BR; Kary A; Moore C; Gonzalez C, 2015, 'Managing the Budget: Stock-Flow Reasoning and the CO2 Accumulation Problem', Topics in Cognitive Science,
    Journal articles | 2015
    Newell BR, 2015, '“Wait! Just Let Me Not Think About That for a Minuteâ€: What Role Do Implicit Processes Play in Higher-Level Cognition?', Current Directions in Psychological Science, 24, pp. 65 - 70,
    Journal articles | 2015
    Rakow T; Heard CL; Newell BR, 2015, 'Meeting Three Challenges in Risk Communication: Phenomena, Numbers, and Emotions', Policy Insights from the Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 2, pp. 147 - 156,
    Journal articles | 2015
    Rakow T; Newell BR; Wright L, 2015, 'Forgone but not forgotten: the effects of partial and full feedback in “harsh†and “kind†environments', Psychonomic Bulletin and Review, 22, pp. 1807 - 1813,
    Journal articles | 2015
    Schulze C; Newell BR, 2015, 'Compete, coordinate, and cooperate: How to exploit uncertain environments with social interaction', Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 144, pp. 967 - 981,
    Journal articles | 2015
    Schulze C; van Ravenzwaaij D; Newell BR, 2015, 'Of matchers and maximizers: How competition shapes choice under risk and uncertainty', Cognitive Psychology, 78, pp. 78 - 98,
    Journal articles | 2015
    Stewart N; Ungemach C; Harris AJL; Bartels DM; Newell BR; Paolacci G; Chandler J, 2015, 'The average laboratory samples a population of 7,300 amazon mechanical turk workers', Judgment and Decision Making, 10, pp. 479 - 491
    Journal articles | 2015
    Yechiam E; Rakow T; Newell BR, 2015, 'Super-underweighting of rare events with repeated descriptive summaries', Journal of Behavioral Decision Making, 28, pp. 67 - 75,
    Journal articles | 2014
    Bateman H; Deetlefs J; Dobrescu LI; Newell BR; Ortmann A; Thorp S, 2014, 'Just Interested or Getting Involved? An Analysis of Superannuation Attitudes and Actions (vol 90, pg 160, 2014)', ECONOMIC RECORD, 90, pp. 564 - 564,
    Journal articles | 2014
    Bateman H; Deetlefs J; Dobrescu LI; Newell BR; Ortmann A; Thorp S, 2014, 'Just interested or getting involved? An analysis of superannuation attitudes and actions', Economic Record, 90, pp. 160 - 178,
    Journal articles | 2014
    Bilbao JI; Newel BR; Bhagat A, 2014, 'The University of New South Wales Experience on Publicising Live Energy Data', Zero Carbon Building Journal, 2, pp. 84 - 91,
    Journal articles | 2014
    Bonner C; Jansen J; Newell BR; Irwig L; Glasziou P; Doust J; Dhillon H; McCaffery K, 2014, 'I don't believe it, but i'd better do something about it: Patient experiences of online heart age risk calculators', Journal of Medical Internet Research, 16,
    Journal articles | 2014
    Dunn JC; Kalish ML; Newell BR, 2014, 'State-trace analysis can be an appropriate tool for assessing the number of cognitive systems: A reply to Ashby (2014)', Psychonomic Bulletin and Review, 21, pp. 947 - 954,
    Journal articles | 2014
    Hayes BK; Hawkins GE; Newell BR; Pasqualino M; Rehder B, 2014, 'The role of causal models in multiple judgments under uncertainty', Cognition, 133, pp. 611 - 620,
    Journal articles | 2014
    Hurlstone MJ; Lewandowsky S; Newell BR; Sewell B, 2014, 'The effect of framing and normative messages in building support for climate policies', PLoS ONE, 9,
    Journal articles | 2014
    Lee MD; Newell BR; Vandekerckhove J, 2014, 'Modeling the adaptation of search termination in human decision making', Decision, 1, pp. 223 - 251,
    Journal articles | 2014
    Lewandowsky S; Risbey JS; Smithson M; Newell BR; Hunter J, 2014, 'Scientific uncertainty and climate change: Part I. Uncertainty and unabated emissions', Climatic Change, 124, pp. 21 - 37,
    Journal articles | 2014
    Lewandowsky S; Risbey JS; Smithson M; Newell BR, 2014, 'Scientific uncertainty and climate change: Part II. Uncertainty and mitigation', Climatic Change, 124, pp. 39 - 52,
    Journal articles | 2014
    Martire KA; kemp ; sayle ; Newell , 2014, 'On the interpretation of likelihood ratios in forensic science evidence: Presentation formats and the Weak evidence effect.', Forensic Science International, 240, pp. 61 - 68,
    Journal articles | 2014
    Mcdonald RI; Newell BR; Denson TF, 2014, 'Would you rule out going green? The effect of inclusion versus exclusion mindset on pro-environmental willingness', European Journal of Social Psychology, 44, pp. 507 - 513,
    Journal articles | 2014
    Newell BR; McDonald RI; Brewer M; Hayes BK, 2014, 'The psychology of environmental decisions', Annual Review of Environment and Resources, 39, pp. 443 - 467,
    Journal articles | 2014
    Newell BR; Shanks DR, 2014, 'Prime numbers: Anchoring and its implications for theories of behavior priming', Social Cognition, 32, pp. 88 - 108,
    Journal articles | 2014
    Newell BR; Shanks DR, 2014, 'Unconscious influences on decision making: A critical review', Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 37, pp. 1 - 19,
    Journal articles | 2014
    Shanks DR; Newell BR, 2014, 'Authors' response: The primacy of conscious decision making', Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 37, pp. 45 - 61,
    Journal articles | 2014
    van Ravenzwaaij D; Moore CP; Lee MD; Newell BR, 2014, 'A hierarchical bayesian modeling approach to searching and stopping in multi-attribute judgment', Cognitive Science, 38, pp. 1384 - 1405,
    Journal articles | 2013
    Camilleri A; Newell BR, 2013, 'Mind the gap? Description, Experience, and the Continuum of Uncertainty in Risky Choice', , pp. 55 - 72
    Journal articles | 2013
    Camilleri AR; Newell BR, 2013, 'Corrigendum to 'The long and short of it: Closing the description-experience "gap" by taking the long-run view' [Cognition 126 (1) (2012) 54-71]', Cognition, 128, pp. 259,
    Journal articles | 2013
    Güney S; Newell BR, 2013, 'Fairness overrides reputation: The importance of fairness considerations in altruistic cooperation', Frontiers in Human Neuroscience,
    Journal articles | 2013
    Güney Ş; Newell BR, 2013, 'Fairness overrides reputation: The importance of fairness considerations in altruistic cooperation', Frontiers in Human Neuroscience,
    Journal articles | 2013
    Güney Ş; Newell BR, 2013, 'Fairness overrides reputation: The importance of fairness considerations in altruistic cooperation', Frontiers in Human Neuroscience,
    Journal articles | 2013
    Martire KA; Kemp RI; Newell BR, 2013, 'The psychology of interpreting expert evaluative opinions', Australian Journal of Forensic Sciences, 45, pp. 305 - 314,
    Journal articles | 2013
    Martire KA; Kemp RI; Watkins I; Sayle MA; Newell BR, 2013, 'The expression and interpretation of uncertain forensic science evidence: Verbal equivalence, evidence strength, and the weak evidence effect.', Law and Human Behavior, 37, pp. 197 - 207,
    Journal articles | 2013
    Newell B; Fibuch E; McCartney M, 2013, 'Simulation in anesthesiology: A key element in the new recertification process.', Missouri medicine, 110, pp. 139 - 141
    Journal articles | 2013
    Newell BR; Koehler DJ; James G; Rakow T; Van Ravenzwaaij D, 2013, 'Probability matching in risky choice: The interplay of feedback and strategy availability', Memory and Cognition, 41, pp. 329 - 338,
    Journal articles | 2013
    Newell BR; Moore CP; Wills AJ; Milton F, 2013, 'Reinstating the Frontal Lobes? Having More Time to Think Improves Implicit Perceptual Categorization: A Comment on Filoteo, Lauritzen, and Maddox (2010)', Psychological Science, 24, pp. 386 - 389,
    Journal articles | 2013
    Newell BR; Van ravenzwaaij D; Donkin C, 2013, 'A quantum of truth? Querying the alternative benchmark for human cognition', Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 36, pp. 300 - 302,
    Journal articles | 2013
    Shanks D; Newell BR; Lee E; Balakrishnan D; Ekelund L; Cenac Z; Kavvadia F; Moore CP, 2013, 'Priming Intelligent Behavior: An Elusive Phenomenon', PLoS ONE, 8, pp. Article numbere56515,
    Journal articles | 2013
    de Zilva D; Mitchell CJ; Newell BR, 2013, 'Eliminating the mere exposure effect through changes in context between exposure and test', Cognition and Emotion, 27, pp. 1345 - 1358,
    Journal articles | 2013
    de Zilva D; Vu L; Newell BR; Pearson J, 2013, 'Exposure Is Not Enough: Suppressing Stimuli from Awareness Can Abolish the Mere Exposure Effect', PLoS ONE, 8,
    Journal articles | 2012
    Camilleri AR; Newell BR, 2012, 'The long and short of it: Closing the description-experience "gap" by taking the long-run view', Cognition, 126, pp. 54 - 71,
    Journal articles | 2012
    Dunn J; Newell BR; Kalish M, 2012, 'The effect of feedback delay and feedback type on perceptual category learning: The limits of multiple systems', Journal of Experimental Psychology - Learning Memory and Cognition, 38, pp. 840 - 859,
    Journal articles | 2012
    Guney S; Newell BR, 2012, 'Is strong reciprocity really strong in the lab, let alone in the real world?', Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 35, pp. 29,
    Journal articles | 2012
    Lewandowsky ; Yang ; Newell BR; Kalish M, 2012, 'Working Memory Does Not Dissociate Between Different Perceptual Categorization Tasks', Journal of Experimental Psychology - Learning Memory and Cognition, 38, pp. 881 - 904,
    Journal articles | 2012
    Newell BR, 2012, 'Levels of explanation in category learning', Australian Journal of Psychology, 64, pp. 46 - 51,
    Journal articles | 2011
    Camilleri AR; Newell BR, 2011, 'Description- and experience-based choice: Does equivalent information equal equivalent choice?', ACTA Psychologica, 136, pp. 276 - 284,
    Journal articles | 2011
    Griffiths OD; Hayes BK; Newell BR; Papadopoulos C, 2011, 'Where to look first for an explanation of induction with uncertain categories', Psychonomic Bulletin and Review, 18, pp. 1212 - 1221,
    Journal articles | 2011
    Griffiths OD; Hayes BK; Newell BR, 2011, 'Feature-based versus Category-Based induction with uncertain categories', Journal of Experimental Psychology - Learning Memory and Cognition, 38, pp. 576 - 595,
    Journal articles | 2011
    Hayes BK, 2011, 'The uncertain status of Bayesian accounts of reasoning', Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 34, pp. 201 - 202,
    Journal articles | 2011
    Lee MD; Newell BR, 2011, 'Using hierarchical Bayesian methods to examine the tools of decision making.', Judgment and Decision Making Journal, 6, pp. 832 - 842
    Journal articles | 2011
    Newell BR; Rakow T, 2011, 'Revising beliefs about the merits of unconscious thought: Evidence in favor of the null hypothesis', Social Cognition, 29, pp. 711 - 726
    Journal articles | 2011
    Newell BR, 2011, 'Recognising the Recognition Heuristic for what is (and what it's not).', Judgment and Decision Making Journal, 6, pp. 409 - 412
    Journal articles | 2010
    Broeder A; Newell BR; Platzer E, 2010, 'Cue integration vs. exemplar-based reasoning in multi-attribute decisions from memory: A matter of cue representation', Judgment and Decision Making Journal, 5, pp. 326 - 338
    Journal articles | 2010
    Camilleri A; Newell BR, 2010, 'When and why rare events are underweighted: A direct comparison of the sampling, partial feedback, full feedback and description choice paradigms', Psychonomic Bulletin and Review, 18, pp. 377 - 384,
    Journal articles | 2010
    Hayes BK; Kurniawan H; Newell BR, 2010, 'Rich in Vitamin C or just a convenient snack? Multiple-category reasoning with cross-classified foods', Memory and Cognition, 39, pp. 92 - 106,
    Journal articles | 2010
    Newell BR; Bonner C, 2010, 'In conflict with ourselves? An investigation of heuristic and analytic processes in decision making', Memory and Cognition, 38, pp. 186 - 196
    Journal articles | 2010
    Newell BR; Dunn J; Kalish M, 2010, 'The dimensionality of perceptual category learning: A state-trace analysis', Memory and Cognition, 38, pp. 563 - 581
    Journal articles | 2010
    Newell BR; Lee MD, 2010, 'The right tool for the job? Comparing an Evidence Accumulation and a Naïve Strategy Selection Model of Decision Making', Journal of Behavioral Decision Making, 24, pp. 456 - 481,
    Journal articles | 2010
    Newell BR; Paton H; Hayes BK; Griffiths O, 2010, 'Speeded induction under uncertainty: The influence of multiple categories and feature conjunctions', PSYCHONOMIC BULLETIN & REVIEW, 17, pp. 869 - 874,
    Journal articles | 2010
    Newell BR; Paton HC; Hayes BK; Griffiths OD, 2010, 'Speeded induction under uncertainty: The influence of multiple categories and feature conjunctions', Psychonomic Bulletin and Review, 17, pp. 869 - 874,
    Journal articles | 2010
    Newell BR; Pitman AJ, 2010, 'The psychology of global warming: Improving the fit between the science and the message', State of the Climate, 91, pp. 1003 - 1014,
    Journal articles | 2010
    Papadopoulos C; Hayes BK; Newell BR, 2010, 'Non-categorical approaches to feature prediction with uncertain categories', Memory and Cognition, 39, pp. 304 - 318,
    Journal articles | 2010
    Rakow T; Newell BR; Zougkou K, 2010, 'The role of working memory in information acquisition and decision making: Lessons from the binary prediction task', Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 63, pp. 1335 - 1360
    Journal articles | 2010
    Rakow T; Newell BR, 2010, 'Degrees of uncertainty: An overview and framework for future research on experience-based choice', Journal of Behavioral Decision Making, 23, pp. 1 - 14,
    Journal articles | 2010
    Vojdanoska M; Cranney J; Newell BR, 2010, 'The testing effect: The role of feedback and collaboration in a tertiary classroom setting', Applied Cognitive Psychology, 24, pp. 1183 - 1195
    Journal articles | 2009
    Camilleri A; Newell BR, 2009, 'The role of representation in experience-based choice.', Judgment and Decision Making Journal, 4, pp. 518 - 529
    Journal articles | 2009
    Hayes BK; Newell BR, 2009, 'Induction with uncertain categories: When do people consider the category alternatives?', Memory and Cognition, 37, pp. 730 - 743
    Journal articles | 2009
    Li SYW; Rakow T; Newell BR, 2009, 'Personal experience in doctor and patient decision making: from psychology to medicine', Journal of Evaluation in Clinical Practice, 15, pp. 993 - 995,
    Journal articles | 2009
    Newell BR; Mitchell CJ; Hayes BK, 2009, 'Missing the target', Journal of Behavioral Decision Making, 22, pp. 528 - 532,
    Journal articles | 2009
    Newell BR; Weston N; Tunney R; Shanks D, 2009, 'The effectiveness of feedback in multiple-cue probability learning', Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 62, pp. 890 - 908,
    Journal articles | 2009
    Newell BR; Wong K; Cheung JCH; Rakow T, 2009, 'Think, blink or sleep on it? the impact of modes of thought on complex decision making', Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 62, pp. 707 - 732
    Journal articles | 2009
    Newell BR, 2009, 'A Science of Decision Making: The Legacy of Ward Edwards', Journal of Economic Psychology, 30, pp. 694 - 695
    Journal articles | 2009
    Newell BR, 2009, 'What is the link between propositions and memories?', Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 32, pp. 219
    Journal articles | 2008
    Bonner C; Newell BR, 2008, 'How to make a risk seem riskier: The ratio bias versus construal level theory', Judgment and Decision Making Journal, 3, pp. 411 - 416
    Journal articles | 2008
    Broeder A; Newell BR, 2008, 'Challenging some common beliefs: Empirical work within the adaptive toolbox metaphor', Judgment and Decision Making Journal, 3, pp. 205 - 214
    Journal articles | 2008
    DeLeon AM; Benzon HT; Eisenman TS; Doty RA; Newell B; McLaughlin K, 2008, 'A Case Report of Reappearance of Spinal Anesthesia', Regional Anesthesia and Pain Medicine, 33, pp. 271 - 272,
    Journal articles | 2008
    DeLeon AM; Benzon HT; Eisenman TS; Doty RA; Newell B; McLaughlin K, 2008, 'A Case Report of Reappearance of Spinal Anesthesia', Regional Anesthesia and Pain Medicine, 33, pp. 271 - 272,
    Journal articles | 2008
    Newell BR; Broeder A, 2008, 'Cognitive processes, models and metaphors in decision research', Judgment and Decision Making Journal, 3, pp. 195 - 204
    Journal articles | 2008
    Newell BR; Cavenett T; Andrews SM, 2008, 'On the immunity of perceptual implicit memory to manipulations of attention', Memory and Cognition, 36, pp. 725 - 734,
    Journal articles | 2008
    Newell BR; Dunn J, 2008, 'Dimensions in data: testing psychological models using state-trace analysis', Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 12, pp. 285 - 290,
    Journal articles | 2008
    Newell BR; Mitchell CJ; Hayes BK, 2008, 'Getting scarred and winning lotteries: Effects of exemplar cuing and statistical format on imagining low-probability events', Journal of Behavioral Decision Making, 21, pp. 317 - 335
    Journal articles | 2008
    Rakow T; Demes K; Newell BR, 2008, 'Biased samples not-mode of presentation: Re-examining the apparent underweighting of rare events in experience-based choice', Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 106, pp. 168 - 179
    Journal articles | 2007
    Newell BR; Hayes BK, 2007, 'Naturally nested, but why dual process?', Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 30, pp. 276 - +
    Journal articles | 2007
    Newell BR; Lagnado D; Shanks D, 2007, 'Challenging the role of implicit processes in probabilistic category learning', Psychonomic Bulletin and Review, 14, pp. 505 - 511
    Journal articles | 2007
    Newell BR; Rakow T, 2007, 'The role of experience in decisions from description', Psychonomic Bulletin and Review, 14, pp. 1133 - 1139
    Journal articles | 2007
    Newell BR; Shanks D, 2007, 'Recognising what you like: Examining the relation between the mere-exposure effect and recognition', European Journal of Cognitive Psychology, 19, pp. 103 - 118
    Journal articles | 2006
    Enkvist T; Newell BR; Juslin P; Olsson H, 2006, 'On the role of causal intervention in multiple-cue judgment: Positive and negative effects on learning', Journal of Experimental Psychology - Learning Memory and Cognition, 32, pp. 163 - 179
    Journal articles | 2006
    Griffith E; Love H; Newell B; Scrase C, 2006, 'Take some new trainees and add late nights, party food and life events: The experience of using problem-based learning in training', Clinical Psychology Forum, pp. 7 - 9
    Journal articles | 2006
    Lagnado D; Newell BR; Kahan S; Shanks D, 2006, 'Insight and strategy in multiple-cue learning', Journal of Experimental Psychology - General, 135, pp. 162 - 183
    Journal articles | 2006
    Newell BR; Fernandez D, 2006, 'On the binary quality of recognition and the inconsequentiality of further knowledge: Two critical tests of the recognition heuristic', Journal of Behavioral Decision Making, 19, pp. 333 - 346
    Journal articles | 2005
    Newell BR; Andrews SL, 2005, 'Repetition priming in lexical decision is not immune to manipulations of attention', Australian Journal of Psychology, 57, pp. 64 - 64
    Journal articles | 2005
    Newell BR, 2005, 'Re-visions of rationality?', Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 9, pp. 11 - 15,
    Journal articles | 2005
    Rakow T; Newell BR; Fayers K; Hersby M, 2005, 'Evaluating Three Criteria for Establishing Cue-Search Hierarchies in Inferential Judgment', Journal of Experimental Psychology - Learning Memory and Cognition, 31, pp. 1088 - 1104,
    Journal articles | 2005
    Taylor RP; Spehar B; Wise J; Clifford CW; Newell BR; Hagerhall CM, 2005, 'Perceptual and physiological responses to the visual complexity of fractal patterns', Nonlinear Dynamics, Psychology and Life Sciences, 9, pp. 89 - 114
    Journal articles | 2004
    Goodman-Delahunty J; Newell BR, 2004, 'One in how many trillion?', Australasian Science, 25, pp. 14 - 17
    Journal articles | 2004
    Newell BR; Andrews S, 2004, 'Levels of Processing Effects on Implicit and Explicit Memory Tasks: Using Question Position to Investigate the Lexical-Processing Hypothesis', Experimental Psychology, 51, pp. 132 - 144,
    Journal articles | 2004
    Newell BR; Rakow T; Weston NJ; Shanks DR, 2004, 'Search strategies in decision making: The success of "success"', Journal of Behavioral Decision Making, 17, pp. 117 - 137,
    Journal articles | 2004
    Newell BR; Shanks DR, 2004, 'On the role of recognition in decision making', Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning Memory and Cognition, 30, pp. 923 - 935,
    Journal articles | 2003
    Bright JE; Newell BR, 2003, 'The Subliminal Mere Exposure Effect Does not Generalize to Structurally Related Stimuli', Canadian Journal of Experimental Psychology - Revue Canadienne de Psychologie Experimentale, 57, pp. 61 - 68
    Journal articles | 2003
    Newell B; Lagnado D, 2003, 'Think-tanks, or think tanks [1]', Psychologist, 16, pp. 176
    Journal articles | 2003
    Newell BR; Shanks DR, 2003, 'Take the Best or Look at the Rest? Factors Influencing "One-Reason" Decision Making', Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning Memory and Cognition, 29, pp. 53 - 65,
    Journal articles | 2003
    Newell BR; Weston NJ; Shanks DR, 2003, 'Empirical tests of a fast-and-frugal heuristic: Not everyone "takes-the-best"', Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 91, pp. 82 - 96,
    Journal articles | 2003
    Spehar B; Clifford C; Newell BR; Taylor R, 2003, 'Universal Aesthetic of Fractals', Computers and Graphics - Uk, 27
    Journal articles | 2002
    Bright J; Newell B, 2002, 'Evidence against hyperspecificity in implicit invariant learning', Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Section A - Human Experimental Psychology, 55A, pp. 1109 - 1126
    Journal articles | 2002
    Bright JE; Newell BR, 2002, 'Well past midnight: Calling time on implicit invariant learning?', European Journal of Cognitive Psychology, 14, pp. 185 - 205
    Journal articles | 2001
    Newell BR; Bright JE, 2001, 'The relationship between the structural mere exposure effect and the implicit learning process.', Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Section A - Human Experimental Psychology, pp. 1087 - 1104
  • Working Papers | 2016
    Bateman H; Dobrescu I; Newell B; Ortmann A; Thorp S, 2016, Flicking the Switch: How Prescribed Disclosures Drive Retirement Plan Choice, ,
  • Preprints | 2024
    Ghasemi O; Cologna V; Mede NG; Stanley S; Strahm N; Ross RM; Alfano M; Kerr JR; Berger S; Marques MD; Besley JC; Brick C; Joubert M; Maibach E; Mihelj S; Newell BR; Oreskes N; Schäfer MS, 2024, Investigating the trust gap between scientists and climate scientists in 68 countries,
    Preprints | 2024
    Ghasemi O; Newell BR, 2024, Evaluating the Impact of Climate Risk Scores on Property Purchase Decisions,
    Preprints | 2023
    Mechera-Ostrovsky T; Newell BR, 2023, From Natural Language Models to Cognitive Model Validation: A Theoretical Framework,
    Preprints | 2023
    Sloane JF; Newell BR; Ostrovsky T; Meyer AND; Chan N; Donkin C, 2023, Defining Difficulty is Difficult: A Theoretical Framework for Difficulty,
    Preprints | 2023
    Smyrnis G; Bateman H; Dobrescu LI; Newell BR; Thorp S, 2023, Motivated Saving: The Impact of Projections on Retirement Contributions,
    Preprints | 2023
    Szollosi A; Wang-Ly N; Newell BR, 2023, Nudges for People who Think,
    Preprints | 2023
    Wang-Ly N; Newell BR, 2023, How Income Volatility Influences Saving Decisions: Evidence from the Lab,
    Preprints | 2022
    Batcup C; Breth-Petersen M; Dakin T; Barratt A; McGain F; Newell B; Pickles K, 2022, Behavioural change interventions encouraging clinicians to reduce carbon emissions in clinical activity: A systematic review,
    Conference Papers | 2022
    Embrey JR; Donkin C; Newell BR, 2022, 'Does Mental Effort Avoidance Depend on the 'Type of Effort'?', in Proceedings of the 44th Annual Meeting of the Cognitive Science Society: Cognitive Diversity, CogSci 2022, pp. 2803 - 2809
    Preprints | 2022
    Hurlstone MJ; White B; Newell B, 2022, Threshold uncertainty, early-warning signals, and the prevention of dangerous climate change,
    Conference Papers | 2022
    Liang G; Newell BR, 2022, 'Trusting algorithms: performance, accuracy, and sticky preferences', in Proceedings of the 44th Annual Meeting of the Cognitive Science Society: Cognitive Diversity, CogSci 2022, pp. 708 - 714
    Preprints | 2022
    Mason A; Szollosi A; Newell BR, 2022, Learning the lie of the land: How people construct mental representations of distributions.,
    Conference Papers | 2022
    Osborn Popp PJ; Newell BR; Bartels DM; Gureckis TM, 2022, 'Rule discovery performance unchanged by incentives', in Proceedings of the 44th Annual Meeting of the Cognitive Science Society: Cognitive Diversity, CogSci 2022, pp. 840 - 846
    Preprints | 2022
    Szollosi A; Donkin C; Newell BR, 2022, Toward nonprobabilistic explanations of learning and decision-making,
    Conference Papers | 2021
    Embrey JR; Liew SX; Ghai I; Newell BR, 2021, 'The effect of uncertainty and outcome probability on non-instrumental information seeking', in Proceedings of the 43rd Annual Meeting of the Cognitive Science Society: Comparative Cognition: Animal Minds, CogSci 2021, pp. 1257 - 1263
    Conference Papers | 2021
    Holwerda J; Newell BR, 2021, 'Epistemic and aleatory uncertainty in decisions from experience', in Proceedings of the 43rd Annual Meeting of the Cognitive Science Society: Comparative Cognition: Animal Minds, CogSci 2021, pp. 1278 - 1284
    Conference Papers | 2021
    Liew SX; Newell BR, 2021, 'Invariance of Information Seeking Across Reward Magnitudes', in Proceedings of the 43rd Annual Meeting of the Cognitive Science Society: Comparative Cognition: Animal Minds, CogSci 2021, pp. 1119 - 1124
    Reports | 2020
    Bateman H; Campo R; Constable D; Dobrescu I; Goodwin A; Liu J; Newell BR; Thorp S, 2020, 20K now or 50K later? What's driving people's decision to withdraw their super?, ,
    Creative Written Works | 2020
    Burke A; Newell B, 2020, Vision for the Anthropocene: Introducing the Anthropocene – and our need to thrive, UNSW Grand Challenges, UNSW,
    Conference Papers | 2020
    Embrey JR; Liew SX; Navarro D; Newell BR, 2020, 'Do you want to know a secret? The role of valence and delay in early information preference', in Proceedings for the 42nd Annual Meeting of the Cognitive Science Society: Developing a Mind: Learning in Humans, Animals, and Machines, CogSci 2020, pp. 273 - 279
    Conference Papers | 2020
    Holwerda J; Newell BR, 2020, 'What is an extreme outcome in risky choice?', in Proceedings for the 42nd Annual Meeting of the Cognitive Science Society: Developing a Mind: Learning in Humans, Animals, and Machines, CogSci 2020, pp. 1842 - 1848
    Preprints | 2020
    Walker AR; Navarro D; Newell BR; Beesley T, 2020, Protection from uncertainty in the exploration/exploitation trade-off,
    Preprints | 2019
    Martire K; Navarro D; Edmond G; Newell BR, 2019, On the likelihood of 'encapsulating all uncertainty',
    Conference Papers | 2019
    Sloane J; Donkin C; Newell B; Liang G, 2019, 'What’s lagging in our understanding of interruptions? Effects of interruption lags in sequential decision-making.', in Goel AK; Seifert CM; Freksa C (eds.), What’s lagging in our understanding of interruptions? Effects of interruption lags in sequential decision-making., cognitivesciencesociety.org, Montreal, CA, pp. 1063 - 1069, presented at Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society, Montreal, CA, 24 July 2019 - 27 July 2019,
    Preprints | 2019
    Szollosi A; Liang G; Konstantinidis E; Donkin C; Newell BR, 2019, Simultaneous Underweighting and Overestimation of Rare Events: Unpacking a Paradox,
    Preprints | 2018
    Hotaling JM; Navarro D; Newell BR, 2018, Skilled Bandits: Learning to Choose in a Reactive World,
    Conference Papers | 2018
    Hotaling JM; Navarro DJ; Newell BR, 2018, 'Skilled Bandits: Learning to Choose in a Reactive World', in Proceedings of the 40th Annual Meeting of the Cognitive Science Society, CogSci 2018, pp. 1827 - 1832
    Conference Papers | 2017
    Konstantinidis E; van Ravenzwaaij D; Newell BR, 2017, 'Exploring the decision dynamics of risky intertemporal choice', in CogSci 2017 - Proceedings of the 39th Annual Meeting of the Cognitive Science Society: Computational Foundations of Cognition, pp. 694 - 699
    Conference Papers | 2017
    Liang G; Konstantinidis E; Szollosi A; Donkin C; Newell BR, 2017, 'The impact of descriptions and incentives on the simultaneous underweighting and overestimation of rare events', in CogSci 2017 - Proceedings of the 39th Annual Meeting of the Cognitive Science Society: Computational Foundations of Cognition, pp. 736 - 741
    Conference Papers | 2016
    Newell BR; Lee MD; Mistry PK, 2016, 'An empirical evaluation of models for how people learn cue search orders.', in Trueswell J; Papafragou A; Grodner D; Mirman D (eds.), Proceedings of the 38th Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society, Cognitive Science Society, Philadelphia PA, pp. 211 - 216, presented at 38th Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society, Philadelphia PA, 10 August 2016 - 13 August 2016,
    Conference Papers | 2015
    Hayes BK; Hawkins GE; Newell B, 2015, 'Why do people fail to consider alternative hypotheses in judgments under uncertainty?', in Noelle D; Dale R; Warlaumont A; Yoshimi J; Matlock T; Jennings C; Maglio P (eds.), Proceedings of the 37th Annual Meeting of the Cognitive Science Society. Austin, TX: Cognitive Science Society., Cognitive Science Society, Pasadena, CA, USA, pp. 890 - 895, presented at 37th Annual Meeting of the Cognitive Science Society, Pasadena, CA, USA, 22 July 2015 - 25 July 2015,
    Conference Papers | 2015
    Lin D; Donkin C; Newell BR, 2015, 'The exemplar-confusion model: An account of biased probability estimates in decisions from description', in Noelle DC; Dale R; Warlaumont AS; Yoshimi J; Matlock T; Jennings CD; Maglio PP (eds.), Proceedings of the 37th Annual Meeting of the Cognitive Science Society, CogSci 2015, cognitivesciencesociety.org, California, USA, pp. 1374 - 1379, presented at Conference of the Cognitive Science Society, California, USA, 23 July 2015 - 25 July 2015,
    Conference Papers | 2015
    Luckman A; Donkin C; Newell BR, 2015, 'Exploring the concept of utility: Are separate value functions required for risky and inter-temporal choice?', in Noelle DC; Dale R; Warlaumont AS; Yoshimi J; Matlock T; Jennings CD; Maglio PP (eds.), Proceedings of the 37th Annual Meeting of the Cognitive Science Society, CogSci 2015, cognitivesciencesociety.org, California, USA, pp. 1440 - 1445, presented at Conference of the Cognitive Science Society, California, USA, 23 July 2015 - 25 July 2015,
    Conference Papers | 2014
    Hawkins GE; Camilleri AR; Heathcote A; Newell BR, 2014, 'Modeling probability knowledge and choice in decisions from experience', in P. Bello, M. Guarini, M. McShane, & B. Scassellati (ed.), Austin TX, pp. 595 - 600, presented at 36th Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society, Austin TX, 23 July 2014 - 26 April 2014
    Conference Papers | 2014
    Navarro DJ; Newell BR, 2014, 'Information versus reward in a changing world.', in P. Bellow, M. Guarani, M. McShane, & B. Scassellati (ed.), Austin TX, pp. 1054 - 1059, presented at Proceedings of the 36th Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society, Austin TX, 23 July 2014 - 26 July 2014
    Conference Papers | 2013
    Chai HY; Newell BR, 2013, 'Investing Amid Uncertainty: A Test of the Domain Specific Anchoring Hypothesis', in Cooperative Minds: Social Interaction and Group Dynamics - Proceedings of the 35th Annual Meeting of the Cognitive Science Society, CogSci 2013, pp. 1994 - 1999
    Conference Papers | 2013
    Güney Ş; Newell BR, 2013, 'Fairness overrides reputation: The importance of fairness considerations in altruistic cooperation', in Cooperative Minds: Social Interaction and Group Dynamics - Proceedings of the 35th Annual Meeting of the Cognitive Science Society, CogSci 2013, pp. 525 - 530
    Conference Papers | 2013
    Hayes BK; Newell BR; Hawkins G, 2013, 'Causal model and sampling approaches to reducing base rate neglect', in Knauff M; Pauen M; Sebanz N; Wachsmuth I (eds.), Proceedings of the 35th Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society, Cognitive Science Society, Austin, Texas, USA, pp. 567 - 572, presented at 35th Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society, Berlin, Germany, 31 July 2013 - 03 August 2013,
    Conference Papers | 2013
    Newell BR; Kary A; Moore C; Gonzalez C, 2013, 'Managing our Debt: Changing Context Reduces Misunderstanding of Global Warming', in Cooperative Minds: Social Interaction and Group Dynamics - Proceedings of the 35th Annual Meeting of the Cognitive Science Society, CogSci 2013, pp. 3139 - 3144
    Conference Papers | 2013
    Schulze C; van Ravenzwaaij D; Newell BR, 2013, 'Match Me if You Can: How Smart Choices are Fueled by Competition', in Knauff M; Pauen M; Sebanz N; Wachsmuth I (eds.), Proceedings of the 35th Annual Meeting of the Cognitive Science Society, Berlin, Germany, presented at 35th Annual Meeting of the Cognitive Science Society, Berlin, Germany, 31 July 2013 - 03 August 2013
    Conference Papers | 2013
    van Ravenzwaaij D; Newell BR; Moore CP; Lee MD, 2013, 'Using Recognition in Multi-Attribute Decision Environments', in Knauff M; Pauen M; Sebanz N; Wachsmuth I (eds.), Proceedings of the 35th Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society. : Cognitive Science Society (COGSCI 2013), Austin, TX, presented at COGSCI 2013 : 35th Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society. : Cognitive Science Society., Austin, TX, 31 July 2013 - 03 August 2013
    Conference Papers | 2011
    Camilleri AR; Newell BR, 2011, 'The Relevance of a Probabilistic Mindset in Risky Choice', in Expanding the Space of Cognitive Science - Proceedings of the 33rd Annual Meeting of the Cognitive Science Society, CogSci 2011, pp. 2794 - 2799
    Conference Papers | 2011
    Guney S; Newell BR, 2011, 'The Ellsberg ‘Problem’ and Implicit Assumptions under Ambiguity', in Expanding the Space of Cognitive Science - Proceedings of the 33rd Annual Meeting of the Cognitive Science Society, CogSci 2011, pp. 2323 - 2328
    Conference Papers | 2009
    Camilleri A; Newell BR, 2009, 'Within-subject Preference Reversals in Description- and Experience-based Choice.', in Proceedings of the Thirty-First Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society, Cognitive Science Society, Amsterdam, Netherlands, presented at 31st Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society, Amsterdam
    Conference Papers | 2009
    Griffiths OD; Newell BR, 2009, 'The Impact of Complete and Selective Feedback in Static and Dynamic Multiple-Cue Judgment Tasks', in Proceedings of the Thirty-First Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society, Cognitive Science Society, Amsterdam, Netherlands, presented at 31st Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society, Amsterdam
    Conference Papers | 2009
    Heffernan M; Newell BR, 2009, 'The dual systems approach to category learning: How do people switch between systems?', in Proceedings of the Thirty-First Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society, Cognitive Science Society, Amsterdam, Netherlands, presented at 31st Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society, Amsterdam
    Conference Papers | 2009
    Mcdonald F; Newell BR, 2009, 'When a coin toss does not appear random: Causal belief and judgments of randomness', in Proceedings of the Thirty-First Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society, Cognitive Science Society, Amsterdam, Netherlands, presented at 31st Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society, Amsterdam
    Conference Papers | 2009
    Newell BR; Lee MD, 2009, 'Learning to adapt evidence thresholds in decision making', in Proceedings of the Thirty-First Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society, Cognitive Science Society, Amsterdam, Netherlands, presented at 31st Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society, Amsterdam
    Conference Papers | 2009
    Papadopoulos C; Hayes BK; Newell BR, 2009, 'Induction with uncertain categories', in Proceedings of the Thirty-First Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society, Cognitive Science Society, Amsterdam, Netherlands, presented at 31st Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society, Amsterdam,
    Conference Papers | 2008
    Broeder A; Newell BR, 2008, 'Influence of learning regime and cue format on decision strategies and exemplar-based judgment', in International Journal of Psychology, Psychology Press, Hove, England, pp. 547 - 547
    Conference Papers | 2008
    Cranney J; Jones G; Morris SC; Starfield S; Martire KA; Newell BR; Wong K, 2008, 'Critical Reading and Writing (CRW) in First-year Psychology: Mass Screening and Targeted Assistance', in Proceedings of the 43rd Annual APS Conference, HOBART, TASMANIA, presented at 43rd APS annual conference 23 - 27 September 2008, Hobart, Tasmania, HOBART, TASMANIA, 23 September 2008 - 27 September 2008
    Conference Papers | 2007
    Hayes BK; Ruthven CM; Newell BR, 2007, 'Inferring properties when categorization is uncertain : A feature-conjunction account', in McNamara D; Tafton G (ed.), 29th Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society, Cognitive Science Society, Inc., Wheat Ridge, CO, pp. 1073 - 1078, presented at 29th Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society, Nashville, Tennessee, USA, 01 August 2007 - 04 August 2007
    Conference Papers | 2005
    Newell BR; Enkvist T; Juslin P; Olsson H, 2005, 'Intervention in multiple cue judgment: Not always for the better', in XXVIIth Annual Conference of Cognitive Science Society, Lawrence Erlbaum, Mahway, N.J., presented at XXVIIth Annual Conference of Cognitive Science Society, Stresa, Italy, 21 July 2005 - 23 July 2005
    Conference Papers | 2005
    Newell BR; Mitchell CJ; Hayes BK, 2005, 'Imagining Low Probability Events', in Cognitive Science Society, Stresa, Italy, presented at XXVIIth Annual Conference of Cognitive Science Society, Stresa, Italy, 21 July 2005 - 23 July 2005
    Conference Papers | 2002
    Taylor RP; Spehar B; Clifford CWG; Newell BR, 2002, 'The visual complexity of Pollock's dripped fractals', in Minai A; BarYam Y (ed.), UNIFYING THEMES IN COMPLEX SYSTEMS IV, SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN, MA, New England Complex Syst Inst, Boston, pp. 175 - +, presented at 4th International Conference on Complex Systems, MA, New England Complex Syst Inst, Boston,
    Theses / Dissertations | 2000
    Newell BR, 2000, An examination of the processes underlying implicit learning
    Preprints |
    Bateman H; Deetlefs J; Dobrescu L; Newell B; Ortmann A; Thorp S, Just Interested or Getting Involved? An Analysis of Superannuation Attitudes and Actions,
    Preprints |
    Bateman H; Dobrescu LI; Liu J; Newell BR; Thorp S, Determinants of Early-Access to Retirement Savings: Lessons from the COVID-19 Pandemic,
    Preprints |
    Bateman H; Dobrescu LI; Liu J; Newell BR; Thorp S, Determinants of Early-Access to Retirement Savings: Lessons from the Covid-19 Pandemic,
    Preprints |
    Bateman H; Dobrescu LI; Newell B; Ortmann A; Thorp S, As Easy as Pie: How Retirement Savers Use Prescribed Investment Disclosures,
    Preprints |
    Bateman H; Newell B; Thorp S, Flicking the Switch: How Fee and Return Disclosures Drive Retirement Plan Choice,
    Preprints |
    Deetlefs J; Bateman H; Dobrescu L; Newell B; Ortmann A; Thorp S, Suspicious Minds (Can Be a Good Thing When Saving for Retirement),
    Preprints |
    Dobrescu L; Fan X; Bateman H; Newell B; Ortmann A; Thorp S, Retirement Savings: A Tale of Decisions and Defaults,
    Preprints |
    Dobrescu LI; Shanker A; Bateman H; Newell BR; Thorp S, Retirement Eggs and Retirement Baskets,
    Preprints |
    Smyrnis G; Bateman H; Dobrescu LI; Newell BR; Thorp S, Motivated Saving: The Impact of Projections on Retirement Saving Intentions,